The lens comes from the Latin word "lentis" which means "lentepene" with optical lenses that are named for the similarity of form with the legume.
In the fifteenth century began to manufacture small glass disks that could be mounted on a frame. Glasses were the first books
Artificial lenses
artificial lens is often referred to those built with artificial materials are not homogeneous, so that their behavior exhibits refractive indices less than unity (Remember that the phase velocity itself may be more that of light in vacuum), which, for example, bi-convex lenses are diverging. Again this type of lens is useful in microwave and only recently have been reported with this property materials at optical frequencies.
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